Oropharyngeal Cancer

Oropharyngeal cancer is a type of head and neck cancer that affects the oropharynx, the middle part of the throat behind the mouth. This area includes the back of the tongue and the tonsils.

Symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer

Throat pain
Difficulty swallowing food
Weight loss
Difficulty breathing
Ear pain
A lump in your neck caused by a swollen lymph node

When to see a doctor

You should see your doctor if you notice any unusual alterations in your voice that persist for more than 2 weeks or neck lump.

Risk factors

Heavy tobacco use and alcohol consumption
HPV infection

Prevention

You can help to prevent developing hypopharyngeal cancer through smoking and alcohol cessation, as well as limiting your number of sexual partners and getting the HPV vaccine (which is available to boys, girls, and young men and women) to reduce the risk of infection with HPV.

Screening and early detection

At present, there is no proven method for screening/early detection of oropharyngeal cancer.

Diagnosis of oropharyngeal cancer

Physical exam and tissue sample
Blood tests
Head and neck MRI
PET/CT scan
Other imaging as clinically indicated

Treatment of oropharyngeal cancer

Treatment of oropharyngeal cancer depends on the stage of the cancer as well as the patient’s treatment goals, overall fitness, and acceptable side effects. Treatment for oropharyngeal cancer usually includes radiation therapy, a combination of radiation and chemotherapy, or chemotherapy alone.